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Journal of International Criminal Justice Advance Access originally published online on August 12, 2005
Journal of International Criminal Justice 2005 3(4):837-846; doi:10.1093/jicj/mqi057
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© Oxford University Press, 2005, All rights reserved. For permissions please email journals.permissions@oupjournals.org

I. How Could it Happen?

The UN Inadequacies

Ingvar Carlsson*

* Former Prime Minister of Sweden, Head of the UN Independent Inquiry on Genocide in Rwanda.

The author describes the results of the UN Independent Inquiry on the Genocide in Rwanda, which he headed. The international community's reluctance to commit itself and its resources to the UN Assistance Mission for Rwanda (UNAMIR or UN Mission), coupled with the inadequacy of UNAMIR's initial mandate, are identified as the crucial reasons for the Mission's failings. These weaknesses led to the failure of the UN forces on the ground to respond effectively to the genocide and inhibited their ability to protect civilians and UN staffers. The author details the failures both of the UN Mission in Rwanda and of the leadership in New York, with unflinching exactitude, drawing important lessons to help ensure that another such breakdown of the UN system during a time of crisis does not happen again.


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